Great to receive all your questions!  Keep them coming!

1) Jaycee:  Yes, you are right: there are lots of similarities between black guillemots and common murres.   Both species belong to the alcid family, and they both feed underwater using their wings to propel themselves.  Despite their similarities, the two species also differ in a few important ways. For example: (a) black guillemots nest in cavities, whereas common murres usually lay their eggs on exposed cliff ledges; (b) black guillemots usually lay two eggs, whereas common murres lay only one; (c) black guillemot chicks leave the colony about 35-40 days old, and are completely independent out at sea.  In contrast, common guillemot chicks leave the colony when they are only about 2 weeks old, and are fed out at sea by their dad.

2) Sonia: You were interested in the Emperor Penguin video.  Pretty cool footage!  You wanted to know what speeds are reached when the penguins exit the water, and what the birds are eating. 

The article calculated underwater swimming speeds of between 4-9 feet per second.  By releasing air from their feathers to help them be more streamlined, they are able to double or triple their speed as they exit the water.  This extra speed may be important for escaping one of their main predators… the leopard seal.  Emperor penguins eat fish, crustaceans (like the Antarctic krill), and squid.

3) Skyla: Good for you choosing a species you’ve never seen!  We’ll have to make sure you see one next summer.  I had a look for videos of red-faced cormorants, but didn’t come up with many options.  Maybe you should think about making one…

Here’s a short video of red-faced cormorants, taken from a boat.

4) LD: I agree– it would be interesting to learn whether seabirds are ever caught in fishing gear near St. Paul.  Next month, we’ll be learning about seabird conservation issues, and we’ll find out more about seabird bycatch in Alaska.  It would also be interesting to ask your family and friends on St. Paul to see what they know.

5) Marjorie:  I would love to see a video of a black-legged kittiwake laying an egg!  Maybe video recorders are small enough to mount on a kittiwake nest now? There are good chicken-laying videos out there, which show that egg shape does not change after the egg is laid.  And, here is good footage of kittiwakes on their eggs. Can you see how many eggs the far left-hand nest has?

6) Sonia: You asked about the length of albatross mating dances.  Dance moves and the length of the dance itself varies among the different albatross species.  The breeding dance of the wandering albatross may last for several minutes.